Absorption refrigerating apparatus



July 24, 1928. 1,678,242

J. o. BOVING ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING- APPARATUS Filed Dec. 22, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l x INVENTOR J2; alftn BOY'IITKQ RTT EYS July 24, 1928.

J. O. BOVING ABSORPTION REFRIGERATING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Dec. 22, 1926 F/GS.

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Patented July 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JENS ORTEN IBOVING', OF WESTMINSTER, LONDON, ENGLAND.

ABSQRPTION REFRIGERATiNG APPARATUS.

Application filed December 22, 1926, Serial No. 156,275, and in Great Britain May 21, 1926.

This invention relates to refrigerating apparatus of the reversing absorption. type,

into and is liquefied in, a condenser or com-.

bined condenser and evaporator, and, on cooling the boiler-absorber, evaporates in and is withdrawn from the evaporator and becomes re-absorbed in the absorbent liquid in the boiler-absorber.

More particularly the invention relates to pivoted reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus wherein rocking, resulting from the displaced weight of the transferred volatile refrigerant, efi'ects the change in the temperature conditions of the boiler-absorber so as to cause automatic reversal of the action of the apparatus. The invention provides a rocking reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus wherein the communication between the boiler-absorber and the evaporator is so ar ranged that the space in which the evaporator is located can be constantly isolated fromthe space in which the boiler-absorber is located, thus avoiding direct interchange of heat between these two spaces and consequent impairment of the refrigerating action,

For this purpose, the communication between the boiler-absorber and the evaporator of a rocking reversing absorption type of refrigerating apparatus ,extends axially along the pivot about which the apparatus rocks. Thus with the evaporator located within a cooling safe and the boiler-absorber located outside such safe, no aperture is required in the intervening wall of the safe other than the aperture constituting the journal bearing of the apparatus, which aperture is constantly closed by the pivot journal. Y

The condenser may constitute or form part of the pivot of the apparatus.

Various embodiments of the apparatuses according to the invention are diagrammatically illustrated on the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional slde elevation of one apparatus in the. heating and condensing position, and

F 2 is a corresponding plan. F 1g. 3V is a side elevation showing this apparatus in the evaporating re-absorbing' position.

Figs. 4 and 5 are side elevations of another apparatus in different positions.

Ieferring more particularly to Figs. -1 to p a is a boiler-absorber and b is an electric heater therefor. 0 is a perforated pipe whereby refrigerant vapour, driven oil by heat from the absorbent liquid in the boiler a, is led to a pipe 03 of larger section which acts as a steam trap and provides av pocket (Z the purpose of which is described later.

e is a condenser into which the refrigerant vapour pas.;es from the pipe d by a lateral branch 0?. The condenser e is traversed by a cooling-pipe to which cooling water is admitted by a pipe f and flows out by apipe g.

h is the evaporator to which the condenser e is connected by a pipe 71.

The boiler-absorber a and condenser e and the evaporator h are conjointly pivoted to rock about an axis a--m coaxial with a portion of the pipe 6,, and, as can be seen in Fig. 2,-the boiler-absorber a together with the condenser 6 projects on one side of this axis whilst the evaporator h projects on the opposite side thereof. By' virtue of this arrangement the boiler-absorber a can be located outside a cooling safe j (Fig. 2) and the evaporator h located inside the safe j,

whilst the pipe z'extends through the Wall.

of the safe j and constitutes a journalon which the apparatus can rock without there being any unclosed opening-through the wall of the safe j.

The evaporator 71. is divided by a partition 71, bridged by asyphon ha. The refrigerant liquefied in and trickling from the condenser 6 therefore first slowly rises in the compartment 72. of the evaporator h nearer the rocking axis wm until it floods the syphon 72. when the liquid refrigerant will abruptly flow through the syphon 72, into the remoter compartment k of the evaporator h. By this time it is arranged that approximately all the refrigerant will have been driven off from the boiler-absorber a.

The liquid refrigerant flowing into the compartment h of the evaporator it, overbalances the apparatus and causes it to rock and assume the position shown in Fig. 3, in which it is arrested by the evaporator h encountering a stop 70', the boiler-absorber (1 having left a stop 70 In this position of the apparatus the supply of electric current to the heater 1) is interrupted by the rotation of a contact on a switch disc on the pivot of the apparatus, from a brush b connected in one of the electric leads Z2 of the heater b. Also cooling water is supplied to a cooling coil Z in the boiler-absorber a whereby the latter is cooled to reduce the pressure therein and promote evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator k and its Withdrawal therefrom and reabsorption in the absorben liquid in the boiler-absorber a.

The cooling Water is supplied to the cooling coil Z of the boiler-absorber a by a pipe m, which in the then position of the apparatus has become connected by a three-way cock 1?. (Fig. 2) to the outlet pipe 9 from the condenser c, alternatively to such outlet pipe 9 being connected to a drain pipe 0.

The cooling water leaves the cobling coil Z of the boiler-absorber d by an outlet Z.

The pipe f for supplying the cooling water to the condenser e is brought to the apparatus coaxially with the axis aa-w of the pivot journal portion of the pipe 2', and the three-way cock n is also coaxial and turns therewith.

The boiler-absorber a is formed with two compartments a a, separated by a partition a bridged by a syphon a similarly to the delaying arrangement provided in the evaporator h. The syphon a of the boilerabsorber a, however, acts both at the commencement and at the termination of the evaporating and re-absorbing phase of the apparatus. The syphon a. is submerged by the absorbent liquid in the boiler-absorber a when the latter is in the position shown in Fig. 1. Consequently, on the boiler-absorber moving into the position shown in Fig. 3, the already flooded syphon a transfers absorbent liquid from the compartment a to the compartment a so that such liquid is all subjected to the bubbles of refrigerant vapour which arise from the then submerged perforate-d pipe 0. The syphon a then remains inactive until again flooded by the increase in the volume of the liquid in the compartment a due to the re-absorption of the refrigerant vapour. ment a in which the perforated pipe cby which the evaporated refrigerant returns to the boiler-absorber a and bubbles up'through the absorbent liquid therein, is located nearer the pivotal axis at, over-balancing of the apparatus due to increase of liquid in .the boiler-absorber a will be delayed until the syphon a abruptly transfers liquid to the remoter compartment a.

p is a counter-weight for initially so bal- As the compartancing the apparatus that rocking is delayed until the above described delayed syphonic action occurs in either direction.

In the evaporating position, Fig. 3, the evaporator k may, as shown, be arranged to dip into and cool brine contained in a tank 9 within or alternative to the safe i In the heating position, the pipe (Z extends obliquely upwards from the pipe 0 which enters the boiler-absorber a, whilst the condenser 6 extends obliquely downwards from the lateral connecting pipe d thereby providing drainage in the appropriate directions of condensed steam back into the boiler-absorber a and of condensed refrigerant into the evaporator h.

The perforated portion of the pipe 0 is of such extent and so located within the boilerabsorber a, that in the heating -position, Fig. 1, some of the perforations are above the level of the absorbent liquid in the boilerabsorber a, whereas in the re-absorbing position, Fig. 3, these perforations are all submerged in this liquid. Also in the re-absorbing position the pipes 0 05 still extend externally above the absorbent liquid so precluding the latter flowing into the evaporator 72.. Thus any necessity for an alternative communication between the boiler-absorber a and the pipe 0 provided with a non-return" valve, is avoided.

Like in all absorption systems, a certain amount of. steam is formed and goes over with the refrigerant from the boiler-absorber into the evaporator h where it becomes condensed. By rotating the apparatus into the position shown in Fig. 5, after removal of the stop [0 any residual liquid in the evaporator k can be drained into the above mentioned pocket d of the steam trap pipe (23,

when by swinging the apparatus into theposition shown in Fig. 1 it will drain back into the boiler-absorber a.

- As shown in Figs. 4: and 5, the condenser 6 may be coaxial with the ivotal axis x and constitute the pivot journa The angle through which the apparatus -er or an electric or other heater, with or without providing for automatic control of the heating medium.

The condenser and evaporator may as in other apparatusesof the reversing absorption type be combined into a single unit, m

which case,'however, provision should be made for interruption of the supply of cooling water thereto during the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant therein.

I claim: 7

1. In a rocking reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus, a boiler-absorber, condenser and evaporator, intercommunication means between said boiler-absorber and said condenser and evaporator, and means restraining and eventually abruptly effecting the distribution of liquid in said boiler-absorber.

2. In a reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus, a boiler-absorber, condenser and evaporator, intercommunication means between said boiler-absorber and said condenser and evaporator, and means restraining and means eventually abruptly effecting the distribution of liquid in said evaporator.

3. In a rocking reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus, a boiler-absorber, condenser and evaporator, intercommunication means between said boiler-absorber and said condenser and-evaporator, and a barrier re straining and a syphon abruptly effecting distribution of liquid in said boiler-absorber.

4c. In a reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus, a boiler-absorber, condenser and evaporator, intercommunication means between said boiler-absorber and said condenser and evaporator, and a barrier restraining and a syphon abruptly effecting distribution of liquid in said evaporator.

5. In a rocking reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus, a pivot of said apparatus, a boiler-absorber, a partition within said boiler-absorber, a syphon bridging said partition, a condenser, an evaporator, and in tercommunication means between said evaporator, said condenser and said boiler-absorber delivering into said boiler-absorber 0n the side of said partition nearer said pivot of said apparatus.

6. In a rocking reversing absorption refrigerating apparatus, a pivot of said apparatus, a boiler-absorber, a condenser, an evaporator, a partition within said evaporator, a syphon bridging said partition, and intercommunication means between said boilerabsorber, said condenser and said evaporator delivering into said evaporator on the side of said partition nearer said pivot of said apparatus.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

JENS ORTEN BOVING. 

